/* ─── Case Studies ─────────────────────────────────────────────── */

.cs-page {
  background: var(--bg);
}

.cs-hero {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--grad-navy);
  padding: 72px 0 88px;
}

.cs-hero-mesh {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background-image: var(--grad-mesh);
  pointer-events: none;
  opacity: 0.85;
}

.cs-hero-inner {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  max-width: 820px;
}

.cs-hero .breadcrumb {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.62);
  margin-bottom: 22px;
}

.cs-hero .breadcrumb a {
  color: var(--yb-cyan);
}

.cs-hero .breadcrumb span {
  opacity: 0.45;
}

.cs-hero h1 {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 800;
  font-size: clamp(1.85rem, 3.6vw, 2.75rem);
  line-height: 1.12;
  color: #fff;
  margin: 0;
}

.cs-hero-tag {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
  padding: 6px 14px;
  border-radius: var(--r-pill);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.16);
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--yb-cyan);
}

/* Meta panel — distinctive project snapshot */
.cs-meta-panel {
  position: relative;
  margin-top: -42px;
  margin-bottom: 48px;
  z-index: 2;
}

.cs-meta-panel__card {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-radius: var(--r-xl);
  padding: 28px 28px 24px;
  background:
    linear-gradient(145deg, rgba(27, 42, 74, 0.98) 0%, rgba(45, 79, 124, 0.96) 48%, rgba(58, 106, 158, 0.94) 100%);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
  box-shadow:
    0 24px 56px -18px rgba(22, 32, 58, 0.45),
    inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
}

.cs-meta-panel__card::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: -60px;
  right: -40px;
  width: 180px;
  height: 180px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(43, 196, 240, 0.22) 0%, transparent 70%);
  pointer-events: none;
}

.cs-meta-panel__card::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  bottom: -80px;
  left: -30px;
  width: 200px;
  height: 200px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(63, 111, 214, 0.18) 0%, transparent 70%);
  pointer-events: none;
}

.cs-meta-panel__label {
  display: block;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.16em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--yb-cyan);
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}

.cs-article--has-stats .cs-meta-panel {
  margin-top: 28px;
}

.cs-meta-grid {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 12px;
}

.cs-meta-item {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.07);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
  border-radius: var(--r-md);
  padding: 14px 16px;
  backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
}

.cs-meta-item__label {
  display: block;
  font-size: 10px;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.55);
  margin-bottom: 6px;
}

.cs-meta-item__value {
  display: block;
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.45;
  color: #fff;
}

.cs-meta-item--result {
  grid-column: 1 / -1;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(43, 196, 240, 0.16) 0%, rgba(63, 111, 214, 0.14) 100%);
  border-color: rgba(43, 196, 240, 0.28);
}

.cs-meta-item--result .cs-meta-item__value {
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.cs-meta-tags {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 6px;
  margin-top: 2px;
}

.cs-meta-tag {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 4px 10px;
  border-radius: var(--r-pill);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.14);
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.92);
}

/* Article body */
.cs-article {
  padding: 0 0 88px;
}

.cs-article > .container {
  max-width: 860px;
}

.cs-article .cs-hero-stats__grid {
  max-width: 860px;
}

.cs-summary {
  margin-bottom: 40px;
  padding: 28px 32px;
  border-radius: var(--r-lg);
  background: var(--bg-soft);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-left: 4px solid var(--cs-accent, var(--yb-blue));
  box-shadow: var(--sh-sm);
}

.cs-summary__eyebrow {
  display: block;
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--cs-accent, var(--yb-blue));
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.cs-summary p {
  margin: 0 0 14px;
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.72;
  color: var(--fg1);
}

.cs-summary p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.cs-prose section,
.cs-prose .cs-section {
  margin-bottom: 44px;
}

.cs-section--data {
  padding: 28px 28px 8px;
  border-radius: var(--r-xl);
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  box-shadow: var(--sh-sm);
}

.cs-section--data > h2 {
  margin-top: 0;
}

.cs-prose h2 {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 800;
  font-size: clamp(1.35rem, 2.2vw, 1.75rem);
  color: var(--ink);
  margin: 0 0 16px;
  line-height: 1.2;
}

.cs-prose h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin: 24px 0 10px;
  line-height: 1.3;
}

.cs-prose p {
  margin: 0 0 14px;
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.75;
  color: var(--fg2);
}

.cs-prose p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.cs-prose ul {
  margin: 12px 0 16px 1.25rem;
  display: grid;
  gap: 8px;
}

.cs-prose li {
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.7;
  color: var(--fg2);
}

.cs-cta-band {
  margin-top: 48px;
  padding: 32px;
  border-radius: var(--r-xl);
  background: var(--grad-navy);
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.cs-cta-band::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background-image: var(--grad-mesh);
  opacity: 0.75;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.cs-cta-band p {
  position: relative;
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.7;
  color: var(--fg2-on-dark);
}

.cs-cta-band a {
  position: relative;
  color: var(--yb-cyan);
  font-weight: 700;
}

/* Hub listing */
.cs-hub-page {
  background: var(--bg-soft);
  padding-bottom: 0;
}

.cs-hub-hero {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--grad-navy);
  padding: 64px 0 80px;
  text-align: center;
}

.cs-hub-hero-mesh {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background-image: var(--grad-mesh);
  pointer-events: none;
}

.cs-hub-hero-inner {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  max-width: 720px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.cs-hub-hero .eyebrow {
  color: var(--yb-cyan);
}

.cs-hub-hero h1 {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 800;
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 3.8vw, 3rem);
  line-height: 1.1;
  color: #fff;
  margin: 14px 0 12px;
}

.cs-hub-hero p {
  color: var(--fg2-on-dark);
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  margin: 0 auto;
  max-width: 640px;
}

.cs-hub-wave {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  line-height: 0;
  font-size: 0;
  display: block;
  margin: 0;
  background: #1b2a4a;
}

.cs-hub-wave svg {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 70px;
}

.cs-hub-wave path {
  fill: var(--bg-soft);
}

.cs-hub-listing {
  background: var(--bg-soft);
  padding: 56px 0 88px;
}

.cs-hub-filters {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 10px;
  margin-bottom: 28px;
}

.cs-hub-filter {
  border: 1.5px solid var(--line);
  background: #fff;
  color: var(--fg2);
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 700;
  padding: 9px 16px;
  border-radius: var(--r-pill);
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: background 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease, color 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
}

.cs-hub-filter:hover,
.cs-hub-filter:focus-visible {
  border-color: var(--yb-blue);
  color: var(--yb-blue);
  outline: none;
}

.cs-hub-filter.is-active {
  background: var(--grad-brand);
  border-color: transparent;
  color: #fff;
  box-shadow: 0 10px 24px -12px rgba(63, 111, 214, 0.55);
}

.cs-hub-filter-status {
  min-height: 0;
  margin: -12px 0 18px;
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--fg3);
}

.cs-hub-card[hidden] {
  display: none !important;
}

.cs-hero-stats {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  margin-top: -48px;
  margin-bottom: 0;
  padding-bottom: 8px;
}

.cs-hero-stats__grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 14px;
}

.cs-hero-stat {
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--r-lg);
  padding: 20px 16px;
  text-align: center;
  box-shadow: 0 16px 40px -20px rgba(22, 32, 58, 0.35);
}

.cs-hero-stat__value {
  display: block;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 800;
  font-size: clamp(1.4rem, 2.5vw, 2rem);
  line-height: 1.05;
  color: var(--cs-accent, var(--yb-blue));
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.cs-hero-stat__label {
  display: block;
  font-size: 12px;
  line-height: 1.45;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--fg2);
}

.cs-pillar-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 16px;
  margin: 20px 0 8px;
}

.cs-pillar {
  padding: 20px 18px;
  border-radius: var(--r-lg);
  background: var(--bg-soft);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-top: 3px solid var(--cs-accent, var(--yb-blue));
}

.cs-pillar__title {
  margin: 0 0 10px;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 800;
  line-height: 1.35;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.cs-pillar__body {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  color: var(--fg2);
}

.cs-dataviz {
  display: grid;
  gap: 20px;
  margin-top: 24px;
}

.cs-table-wrap {
  overflow-x: auto;
  margin: 0;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--r-md);
  background: var(--bg-soft);
}

.cs-table {
  width: 100%;
  border-collapse: collapse;
  font-size: 14px;
}

.cs-table__caption {
  caption-side: top;
  padding: 12px 14px 0;
  text-align: left;
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--fg3);
}

.cs-table th,
.cs-table td {
  padding: 12px 14px;
  text-align: left;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.cs-table th {
  background: #fff;
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--fg3);
}

.cs-table__num {
  text-align: right;
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.cs-table th:last-child,
.cs-table td.cs-table__num {
  text-align: right;
}

.cs-table__row--highlight td {
  background: rgba(37, 194, 138, 0.1);
}

.cs-table__row--highlight td.cs-table__num {
  color: var(--cs-accent, var(--yb-mint));
}

.cs-table tr:last-child td {
  border-bottom: none;
}

.cs-chart {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  border: none;
  border-radius: 0;
  background: transparent;
  box-shadow: none;
}

.cs-chart__caption {
  margin: 0 0 12px;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--fg3);
}

.cs-chart__canvas {
  overflow: visible;
  padding: 4px 0 0;
}

.cs-chart__svg {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  overflow: visible;
}

.cs-chart__grid {
  stroke: var(--line);
  stroke-width: 1;
  opacity: 0.8;
}

.cs-chart__baseline {
  stroke: var(--fg3);
  stroke-width: 1.5;
  opacity: 0.55;
}

.cs-chart__tick {
  fill: var(--fg3);
  font-size: 12px;
  font-family: var(--font-body);
}

.cs-chart__tick--x {
  font-size: 11px;
}

.cs-chart__legend {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 14px 20px;
  justify-content: center;
  margin-top: 14px;
  padding-top: 12px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.cs-chart__legend-item {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--fg2);
}

.cs-chart__legend-swatch {
  width: 12px;
  height: 12px;
  border-radius: 3px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.cs-compare {
  margin: 28px 0 40px;
  padding: 28px;
  border-radius: var(--r-xl);
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  box-shadow: var(--sh-sm);
}

.cs-compare__header {
  margin-bottom: 22px;
}

.cs-compare__eyebrow {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--cs-accent, var(--yb-blue));
}

.cs-compare__heading {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: clamp(1.25rem, 2vw, 1.5rem);
  font-weight: 800;
  color: var(--ink);
  line-height: 1.25;
}

.cs-compare__grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr auto 1fr;
  gap: 16px;
  align-items: stretch;
}

.cs-compare__divider {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
  margin: auto 0;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--bg-soft);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  color: var(--yb-blue);
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.cs-compare__col {
  padding: 20px 18px;
  border-radius: var(--r-lg);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--bg-soft);
}

.cs-compare__col--after {
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(37, 194, 138, 0.08) 0%, #fff 100%);
  border-color: rgba(37, 194, 138, 0.35);
}

.cs-compare__badge {
  display: inline-flex;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
  padding: 5px 12px;
  border-radius: var(--r-pill);
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--fg3);
}

.cs-compare__badge--after {
  color: var(--yb-mint);
  border-color: rgba(37, 194, 138, 0.35);
  background: rgba(37, 194, 138, 0.1);
}

.cs-compare__item {
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 16px;
  padding: 12px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.cs-compare__item:last-child {
  border-bottom: none;
  padding-bottom: 0;
}

.cs-compare__item:first-of-type {
  padding-top: 0;
}

.cs-compare__label {
  flex: 1;
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--fg3);
  line-height: 1.45;
}

.cs-compare__value {
  flex-shrink: 0;
  max-width: 48%;
  text-align: right;
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 800;
  color: var(--ink);
  line-height: 1.35;
}

.cs-compare__col--after .cs-compare__value {
  color: #159468;
}

.cs-section--featured {
  border-color: rgba(63, 111, 214, 0.22);
  box-shadow: 0 20px 48px -24px rgba(63, 111, 214, 0.35);
}

.cs-section--featured > h2 {
  color: var(--cs-accent, var(--yb-blue));
}

.cs-chart--featured .cs-chart__caption {
  font-size: 12px;
  color: var(--cs-accent, var(--yb-blue));
}

.cs-chart__bar-value {
  fill: var(--ink);
  font-size: 22px;
  font-weight: 800;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
}

.cs-chart__tick--year {
  font-size: 16px;
  font-weight: 800;
  fill: var(--ink);
}

.cs-chart__badge {
  fill: var(--cs-accent, var(--yb-blue));
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 800;
  font-family: var(--font-body);
}

.cs-chart__peak-label {
  fill: var(--cs-accent, var(--yb-blue));
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 700;
  font-family: var(--font-body);
}

.cs-chart--bar .cs-chart__canvas {
  padding: 8px 0 4px;
}

.cs-article-footer-wave {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  line-height: 0;
  font-size: 0;
  display: block;
  margin: 0;
  background: var(--bg);
}

.cs-article-footer-wave svg {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 70px;
}

.cs-article-footer-wave path {
  fill: #1b2a4a;
}

.cs-hub-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 24px;
}

.cs-hub-card {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--r-lg);
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: var(--sh-sm);
  text-decoration: none;
  color: inherit;
  transition: transform var(--dur) var(--ease-out), box-shadow var(--dur) var(--ease-out);
}

.cs-hub-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-5px);
  box-shadow: var(--sh-md);
}

.cs-hub-card__accent {
  height: 4px;
  background: var(--cs-accent, var(--grad-brand));
}

.cs-hub-card__body {
  padding: 24px 24px 28px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  flex: 1;
}

.cs-hub-card__tag {
  display: inline-block;
  align-self: flex-start;
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--cs-accent, var(--yb-blue));
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  padding: 5px 11px;
  border-radius: var(--r-pill);
  background: var(--bg-soft);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.cs-hub-card h2 {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 800;
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.38;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin: 0 0 12px;
}

.cs-hub-card p {
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  color: var(--fg2);
  margin: 0 0 20px;
  flex: 1;
}

.cs-hub-card__link {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 5px;
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 13.5px;
  color: var(--yb-blue);
  margin-top: auto;
}

.cs-hub-card__link svg {
  width: 14px;
  height: 14px;
  transition: transform var(--dur) var(--ease);
}

.cs-hub-card:hover .cs-hub-card__link svg {
  transform: translateX(3px);
}

@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .cs-hub-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 20px;
  }

  .cs-hub-listing {
    padding: 44px 0 72px;
  }

  .cs-hero-stats__grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }

  .cs-pillar-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .cs-compare__grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .cs-compare__divider {
    display: none;
  }

  .cs-section--data {
    padding: 22px 18px 6px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 640px) {
  .cs-meta-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .cs-meta-panel__card {
    padding: 22px 18px 18px;
  }

  .cs-summary {
    padding: 22px 20px;
  }

  .cs-hero-stats__grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .cs-hub-filters {
    gap: 8px;
  }

  .cs-hub-filter {
    padding: 8px 13px;
    font-size: 12px;
  }
}